Chapman - Figure 16 - Atherogenic dyslipidemia Text

Moving from science to medicine, the Figure shows the triad of atherogenic dyslipidemia in individuals with chronic inflammation, low grade inflammation, premature atherosclerosis, and coronary heart disease (CHD). Many of those individuals present with obesity and insulin resistance, and very frequently with what is referred to as the atherogenic lipid triad, which consists of

• elevated levels of triglyceride-rich lipoproteins, particularly VLDL;
• elevated levels of small dense LDL, which are cholesterol and apo-B-rich;
• and subnormal serum concentrations of HDL cholesterol and apoA-I.

Looking at the third component, however, it turns out that not only is the quantity of HDL subnormal in patients with cardiometabolic disease, but the quality, ie, the function, is also defective.

Chapman J. J Clin Lipidol. 2011; 5(6).