FIG. 24:  The results reported from our institution (Figures 20-23) match those from around the world.  As summarized in this Figure, whereas in Sheffield we had a 2.4% rate of disease-specific mortality DSM,^[22] in Sweden, it was 2.4% in a roughly similar size cohort,^[21] in the United States it was 2.8%,^[23] and slightly lower at 1.2% as reported from a multisite study in North America and Europe.^[24] 

In sum, the risks of death from this NMI urologic cancer are very small, and may be similar to the overall mortality rates in the general population if the results are smoking- and age-adjusted.  In other words, these morality rates in patients with low-risk NMI bladder cancer do not support the hypothesis that extensive surveillance of these patients is justified for the costs required.