Unable to display view head.php file not found.<div class='no_figure_content'>
<div class='transcript'>
  
  <div class='right'>
    <a href="printable.php?figure=complete_references" class="print_link buttonify twoline_print_link" target_orig="_blank" style=''>Print This Page</a>
  </div>
  <h2>Complete References</h2>
<div class='references complete_references'>
    <h3 class='reference_section'>James A. Reiffel, MD</h3>
        <p>
        <div class='ref_num_placement'><span class="ref_num">[1]</span></div>
<div class='reference_list_entry'>
  Go AS, Hylek EM, Phillips KA, et al. Prevalence of diagnosed atrial fibrillation in adults: national implications for rhythm management and stroke prevention: the AnTicoagulation and Risk Factors in Atrial Fibrillation (ATRIA) Study. <i>JAMA.</i> 2001;285:2370-2375.  <div class='slide_links'><a href="figure.php?speaker=reiffelA&figure=2">Reiffel - Atrial Fibrillation and Stroke: Epidemiology - figure 2</a></div>
</div>
              </p>
            <p>
        <div class='ref_num_placement'><span class="ref_num">[2]</span></div>
<div class='reference_list_entry'>
  Miyasaka Y, Barnes ME, Gersh BJ, et al. Secular trends in incidence of atrial fibrillation in Olmsted County, Minnesota, 1980 to 2000, and implications on the projections for future prevalence. <i>Circulation.</i> 2006;114:119-125.  <div class='slide_links'><a href="figure.php?speaker=reiffelA&figure=2">Reiffel - Atrial Fibrillation and Stroke: Epidemiology - figure 2</a>, <a href="figure.php?speaker=reiffelA&figure=6">figure 6</a></div>
</div>
              </p>
            <p>
        <div class='ref_num_placement'><span class="ref_num">[3]</span></div>
<div class='reference_list_entry'>
  Naccarelli GV, Varker H, Lin J, Schulman KL. Increasing prevalence of atrial fibrillation and flutter in the United States. <i>Am J Cardiol.</i> 2009;104:1534-1539.  <div class='slide_links'><a href="figure.php?speaker=reiffelA&figure=2">Reiffel - Atrial Fibrillation and Stroke: Epidemiology - figure 2</a></div>
</div>
              </p>
            <p>
        <div class='ref_num_placement'><span class="ref_num">[4]</span></div>
<div class='reference_list_entry'>
  Van Gelder IC, Hemels ME. The progressive nature of atrial fibrillation: a rationale for early restoration and maintenance of sinus rhythm. <i>Europace.</i> 2006;8:943-949.  <div class='slide_links'><a href="figure.php?speaker=reiffelA&figure=3">Reiffel - Atrial Fibrillation and Stroke: Epidemiology - figure 3</a></div>
</div>
              </p>
            <p>
        <div class='ref_num_placement'><span class="ref_num">[5]</span></div>
<div class='reference_list_entry'>
  Narayan SM, Cain ME, Smith JM. Atrial fibrillation. Lancet. 1997;350:943-950.  <div class='slide_links'><a href="figure.php?speaker=reiffelA&figure=3">Reiffel - Atrial Fibrillation and Stroke: Epidemiology - figure 3</a></div>
</div>
              </p>
            <p>
        <div class='ref_num_placement'><span class="ref_num">[6]</span></div>
<div class='reference_list_entry'>
  Wattigney WA, Mensah GA, Croft JB. Increasing trends in hospitalization for atrial fibrillation in the United States, 1985 through 1999: implications for primary prevention. <i>Circulation.</i> 2003;108:711-716.  <div class='slide_links'><a href="figure.php?speaker=reiffelA&figure=3">Reiffel - Atrial Fibrillation and Stroke: Epidemiology - figure 3</a></div>
</div>
              </p>
            <p>
        <div class='ref_num_placement'><span class="ref_num">[7]</span></div>
<div class='reference_list_entry'>
  Wyse DG, Gersh BJ. Atrial fibrillation: a perspective: thinking inside and outside the box. <i>Circulation.</i> 2004;109:3089-3095.  <div class='slide_links'><a href="figure.php?speaker=reiffelA&figure=3">Reiffel - Atrial Fibrillation and Stroke: Epidemiology - figure 3</a></div>
</div>
              </p>
            <p>
        <div class='ref_num_placement'><span class="ref_num">[8]</span></div>
<div class='reference_list_entry'>
  Wann LS, Curtis AB, January CT, et al; ACCF/AHA Task Force Members. 2011 ACCF/AHA/HRS focused update on the management of patients with atrial fibrillation (updating the 2006 guideline): a report of the American College of Cardiology Foundation/American Heart Association Task Force on Practice Guidelines. <i>Circulation.</i> 2011;123:104-123.  <div class='slide_links'><a href="figure.php?speaker=reiffelA&figure=5">Reiffel - Atrial Fibrillation and Stroke: Epidemiology - figure 5</a></div>
</div>
              </p>
            <p>
        <div class='ref_num_placement'><span class="ref_num">[9]</span></div>
<div class='reference_list_entry'>
  Fuster V, Rydén LE, Cannom DS, et al. 2011 ACCF/AHA/HRS Focused updates incorporated into fthe ACC/AHA/ESC 2006 guidelines for the management of patients with atrial fibrillation: A report of the American College of Cardiology Foundation/American Heart Association Task Force on Practice Guidelines Developed in partnership with the European Society of Cardiology and in collaboration with the European Heart Rhythm Association and the Heart Rhythm Society. <i>J Am Coll Cardiol.</i> 2011;57:e101-e198.  <div class='slide_links'><a href="figure.php?speaker=reiffelA&figure=6">Reiffel - Atrial Fibrillation and Stroke: Epidemiology - figure 6</a></div>
</div>
              </p>
            <p>
                      </p>
            <p>
        <div class='ref_num_placement'><span class="ref_num">[10]</span></div>
<div class='reference_list_entry'>
  Roger VL, Go AS, Lloyd-Jones DM, et al; American Heart Association Statistics Committee and Stroke Statistics Subcommittee. Heart disease and stroke statistics--2011 update: a report from the American Heart Association. <i>Circulation.</i> 2011;123:e18-e209.  <div class='slide_links'><a href="figure.php?speaker=reiffelA&figure=6">Reiffel - Atrial Fibrillation and Stroke: Epidemiology - figure 6</a></div>
</div>
              </p>
            <p>
        <div class='ref_num_placement'><span class="ref_num">[11]</span></div>
<div class='reference_list_entry'>
  Lin H-J, Wolf PA, Kelly-Hayes M, et al. Stroke severity in atrial fibrillation. The Framingham Study. <i>Stroke.</i> 1996;27:1760-1764.  <div class='slide_links'><a href="figure.php?speaker=reiffelA&figure=6">Reiffel - Atrial Fibrillation and Stroke: Epidemiology - figure 6</a></div>
</div>
              </p>
            <p>
        <div class='ref_num_placement'><span class="ref_num">[12]</span></div>
<div class='reference_list_entry'>
  Miller PS, Andersson FL, Kalra L. Are cost benefits of anticoagulation for stroke prevention in atrial fibrillation underestimated? <i>Stroke.</i> 2005;36:360-366.  <div class='slide_links'><a href="figure.php?speaker=reiffelA&figure=6">Reiffel - Atrial Fibrillation and Stroke: Epidemiology - figure 6</a></div>
</div>
              </p>
            <p>
        <div class='ref_num_placement'><span class="ref_num">[13]</span></div>
<div class='reference_list_entry'>
  Dulli DA, Stanko H, Levine RL. Atrial fibrillation is associated with severe acute ischemic stroke. <i>Neuroepidemiology.</i> 2003;22:118-123.  <div class='slide_links'><a href="figure.php?speaker=reiffelA&figure=7">Reiffel - Atrial Fibrillation and Stroke: Epidemiology - figure 7</a>, <a href="figure.php?speaker=reiffelA&figure=8">figure 8</a></div>
</div>
              </p>
            <p>
                      </p>
            <p>
        <div class='ref_num_placement'><span class="ref_num">[14]</span></div>
<div class='reference_list_entry'>
  Rosamond W, Flegal K, Furie K, et al; American Heart Association Statistics Committee and Stroke Statistics Subcommittee. Heart disease and stroke statistics--2008 update: a report from the American Heart Association Statistics Committee and Stroke Statistics Subcommittee. <i>Circulation.</i> 2008;117:e25-146.  <div class='slide_links'><a href="figure.php?speaker=reiffelA&figure=9">Reiffel - Atrial Fibrillation and Stroke: Epidemiology - figure 9</a></div>
</div>
              </p>
            <p>
        <div class='ref_num_placement'><span class="ref_num">[15]</span></div>
<div class='reference_list_entry'>
  Lloyd-Jones D, Adams R, Carnethon M, et al; American Heart Association Statistics Committee and Stroke Statistics Subcommittee. Heart disease and stroke statistics--2009 update: a report from the American Heart Association Statistics Committee and Stroke Statistics Subcommittee. <i>Circulation.</i> 2009;119:e21-181.  <div class='slide_links'><a href="figure.php?speaker=reiffelA&figure=9">Reiffel - Atrial Fibrillation and Stroke: Epidemiology - figure 9</a></div>
</div>
              </p>
            <p>
        <div class='ref_num_placement'><span class="ref_num">[16]</span></div>
<div class='reference_list_entry'>
  Lloyd-Jones D, Adams RJ, Brown TM, et al; American Heart Association Statistics Committee and Stroke Statistics Subcommittee. Heart disease and stroke statistics--2010 update: a report from the American Heart Association. <i>Circulation.</i> 2010;121:e46-e215.  <div class='slide_links'><a href="figure.php?speaker=reiffelA&figure=9">Reiffel - Atrial Fibrillation and Stroke: Epidemiology - figure 9</a></div>
</div>
              </p>
            <p>
        <div class='ref_num_placement'><span class="ref_num">[17]</span></div>
<div class='reference_list_entry'>
  Demaerschalk BM, Hwang HM, Leung G. US cost burden of ischemic stroke: a systematic literature review. <i>Am J Manag Care.</i> 2010;16:525-533.  <div class='slide_links'><a href="figure.php?speaker=reiffelA&figure=9">Reiffel - Atrial Fibrillation and Stroke: Epidemiology - figure 9</a></div>
</div>
              </p>
            <p>
        <div class='ref_num_placement'><span class="ref_num">[18]</span></div>
<div class='reference_list_entry'>
  Boccuzzi SJ, Martin J, Stephenson J, et al. Retrospective study of total healthcare costs associated with chronic nonvalvular atrial fibrillation and the occurrence of a first transient ischemic attack, stroke or major bleed. <i>Curr Med Res Opin.</i> 2009;25:2853-2864.  <div class='slide_links'><a href="figure.php?speaker=reiffelA&figure=9">Reiffel - Atrial Fibrillation and Stroke: Epidemiology - figure 9</a></div>
</div>
              </p>
            <p>
        <div class='ref_num_placement'><span class="ref_num">[19]</span></div>
<div class='reference_list_entry'>
  Hart RG, Pearce LA, Rothbart RM, et al; Stroke Prevention in Atrial Fibrillation Investigators. Stroke with intermittent atrial fibrillation: incidence and predictors during aspirin therapy. <i>J Am Coll Cardiol.</i> 2000;35:183-187.  <div class='slide_links'><a href="figure.php?speaker=reiffelA&figure=10">Reiffel - Atrial Fibrillation and Stroke: Epidemiology - figure 10</a></div>
</div>
              </p>
            <p>
        <div class='ref_num_placement'><span class="ref_num">[20]</span></div>
<div class='reference_list_entry'>
  Watson T, Shantsila E, Lip GY. Mechanisms of thrombogenesis in atrial fibrillation: Virchow's triad revisited. <i>Lancet.</i> 2009;373:155-166.  <div class='slide_links'><a href="figure.php?speaker=reiffelA&figure=11">Reiffel - Atrial Fibrillation and Stroke: Epidemiology - figure 11</a></div>
</div>
              </p>
            <p>
        <div class='ref_num_placement'><span class="ref_num">[21]</span></div>
<div class='reference_list_entry'>
  Goldman ME, Pearce LA, Hart RG, et al. Pathophysiologic correlates of thromboembolism in nonvalvular atrial fibrillation: I. Reduced flow velocity in the left atrial appendage (The Stroke Prevention in Atrial Fibrillation [SPAF-III] study). <i>J Am Soc Echocardiogr.</i> 1999;12:1080-1087.  <div class='slide_links'><a href="figure.php?speaker=reiffelA&figure=13">Reiffel - Atrial Fibrillation and Stroke: Epidemiology - figure 13</a></div>
</div>
              </p>
            <p>
        <div class='ref_num_placement'><span class="ref_num">[22]</span></div>
<div class='reference_list_entry'>
  Cai H, Li Z, Goette A, et al. Downregulation of endocardial nitric oxide synthase expression and nitric oxide production in atrial fibrillation: potential mechanisms for atrial thrombosis and stroke. <i>Circulation.</i> 2002;106:2854-2858.  <div class='slide_links'><a href="figure.php?speaker=reiffelA&figure=14">Reiffel - Atrial Fibrillation and Stroke: Epidemiology - figure 14</a></div>
</div>
              </p>
            <p>
        <div class='ref_num_placement'><span class="ref_num">[23]</span></div>
<div class='reference_list_entry'>
  Fuster V, Rydén LE, Cannom DS, et al; American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Task Force on Practice Guidelines; European Society of Cardiology Committee for Practice Guidelines; European Heart Rhythm Association; Heart Rhythm Society. ACC/AHA/ESC 2006 Guidelines for the Management of Patients with Atrial Fibrillation: a report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Task Force on Practice Guidelines and the European Society of Cardiology Committee for Practice Guidelines (Writing Committee to Revise the 2001 Guidelines for the Management of Patients With Atrial Fibrillation): developed in collaboration with the European Heart Rhythm Association and the Heart Rhythm Society. <i>Circulation.</i> 2006;114:e257-e354.  <div class='slide_links'><a href="figure.php?speaker=reiffelA&figure=17">Reiffel - Atrial Fibrillation and Stroke: Epidemiology - figure 17</a>, <a href="figure.php?speaker=reiffelA&figure=23">figure 23</a></div>
</div>
              </p>
            <p>
        <div class='ref_num_placement'><span class="ref_num">[24]</span></div>
<div class='reference_list_entry'>
  Wyse DG, Waldo AL, DiMarco JP, et al; Atrial Fibrillation Follow-up Investigation of Rhythm Management (AFFIRM) Investigators. A comparison of rate control and rhythm control in patients with atrial fibrillation. <i>N Engl J Med.</i> 2002;347:1825-1833.  <div class='slide_links'><a href="figure.php?speaker=reiffelA&figure=17">Reiffel - Atrial Fibrillation and Stroke: Epidemiology - figure 17</a></div>
</div>
              </p>
            <p>
        <div class='ref_num_placement'><span class="ref_num">[25]</span></div>
<div class='reference_list_entry'>
  Van Gelder IC, Hagens VE, Bosker HA, et al; Rate Control versus Electrical Cardioversion for Persistent Atrial Fibrillation Study Group. A comparison of rate control and rhythm control in patients with recurrent persistent atrial fibrillation. <i>N Engl J Med.</i> 2002;347:1834-1840.  <div class='slide_links'><a href="figure.php?speaker=reiffelA&figure=17">Reiffel - Atrial Fibrillation and Stroke: Epidemiology - figure 17</a></div>
</div>
              </p>
            <p>
        <div class='ref_num_placement'><span class="ref_num">[26]</span></div>
<div class='reference_list_entry'>
  Roy D, Talajic M, Nattel S, et al; Atrial Fibrillation and Congestive Heart Failure Investigators. Rhythm control versus rate control for atrial fibrillation and heart failure. <i>N Engl J Med.</i> 2008;358:2667-2677.  <div class='slide_links'><a href="figure.php?speaker=reiffelA&figure=17">Reiffel - Atrial Fibrillation and Stroke: Epidemiology - figure 17</a></div>
</div>
              </p>
            <p>
        <div class='ref_num_placement'><span class="ref_num">[27]</span></div>
<div class='reference_list_entry'>
  Shah AN, Mittal S, Sichrovsky TC, et al. Long-term outcome following successful pulmonary vein isolation: pattern and prediction of very late recurrence. <i>J Cardiovasc Electrophysiol.</i> 2008;19:661-667.  <div class='slide_links'><a href="figure.php?speaker=reiffelA&figure=17">Reiffel - Atrial Fibrillation and Stroke: Epidemiology - figure 17</a></div>
</div>
              </p>
            <p>
        <div class='ref_num_placement'><span class="ref_num">[28]</span></div>
<div class='reference_list_entry'>
  Calkins H, Brugada J, Packer DL, et al; European Heart Rhythm Association (EHRA); European Cardiac Arrhythmia Scoiety (ECAS); American College of Cardiology (ACC); American Heart Association (AHA); Society of Thoracic Surgeons (STS). HRS/EHRA/ECAS expert Consensus Statement on catheter and surgical ablation of atrial fibrillation: recommendations for personnel, policy, procedures and follow-up. A report of the Heart Rhythm Society (HRS) Task Force on catheter and surgical ablation of atrial fibrillation. <i>Heart Rhythm.</i> 2007;4:816-861.  <div class='slide_links'><a href="figure.php?speaker=reiffelA&figure=17">Reiffel - Atrial Fibrillation and Stroke: Epidemiology - figure 17</a></div>
</div>
              </p>
            <p>
        <div class='ref_num_placement'><span class="ref_num">[29]</span></div>
<div class='reference_list_entry'>
  Manning WJ, Silverman DI, Katz SE, et al. Impaired left atrial mechanical function after cardioversion: relation to the duration of atrial fibrillation. <i>J Am Coll Cardiol.</i> 1994;23:1535-1540.  <div class='slide_links'><a href="figure.php?speaker=reiffelA&figure=18">Reiffel - Atrial Fibrillation and Stroke: Epidemiology - figure 18</a></div>
</div>
              </p>
            <p>
        <div class='ref_num_placement'><span class="ref_num">[30]</span></div>
<div class='reference_list_entry'>
  Gosselink AT, Crijns HJ, Hamer HP, Hillege H, Lie KI. Changes in left and right atrial size after cardioversion of atrial fibrillation: role of mitral valve disease. <i>J Am Coll Cardiol.</i> 1993;22:1666-1672.  <div class='slide_links'><a href="figure.php?speaker=reiffelA&figure=19">Reiffel - Atrial Fibrillation and Stroke: Epidemiology - figure 19</a></div>
</div>
              </p>
            <p>
        <div class='ref_num_placement'><span class="ref_num">[31]</span></div>
<div class='reference_list_entry'>
  Boyd AC, Schiller NB, Ross DL, Thomas L. Differential recovery of regional atrial contraction after restoration of sinus rhythm after intraoperative linear radiofrequency ablation for atrial fibrillation. <i>Am J Cardiol.</i> 2009;103:528-534.  <div class='slide_links'><a href="figure.php?speaker=reiffelA&figure=20">Reiffel - Atrial Fibrillation and Stroke: Epidemiology - figure 20</a></div>
</div>
              </p>
            <p>
        <div class='ref_num_placement'><span class="ref_num">[32]</span></div>
<div class='reference_list_entry'>
  Watson HG, Baglin T, Laidlaw SL, Makris M, Preston FE. A comparison of the efficacy and rate of response to oral and intravenous Vitamin K in reversal of over-anticoagulation with warfarin. <i>Br J Haematol.</i> 2001;115:145-149.  <div class='slide_links'><a href="figure.php?speaker=reiffelA&figure=21">Reiffel - Atrial Fibrillation and Stroke: Epidemiology - figure 21</a></div>
</div>
              </p>
            <p>
        <div class='ref_num_placement'><span class="ref_num">[33]</span></div>
<div class='reference_list_entry'>
  Makris M, Watson HG. The management of coumarin-induced over-anticoagulation. <i>Br J Haematol.</i> 2001;114:271-280.  <div class='slide_links'><a href="figure.php?speaker=reiffelA&figure=22">Reiffel - Atrial Fibrillation and Stroke: Epidemiology - figure 22</a></div>
</div>
              </p>
            <p>
                      </p>
            <p>
        <div class='ref_num_placement'><span class="ref_num">[34]</span></div>
<div class='reference_list_entry'>
  You JJ, Singer DE, Howard PA, et al; American College of Chest Physicians. Antithrombotic therapy for atrial fibrillation: Antithrombotic therapy and prevention of thrombosis, 9th ed: American College of Chest Physicians Evidence-Based Clinical Practice Guidelines. <i>Chest.</i> 2012;141(2 Suppl):e531S-e575S.  <div class='slide_links'><a href="figure.php?speaker=reiffelA&figure=23">Reiffel - Atrial Fibrillation and Stroke: Epidemiology - figure 23</a></div>
</div>
              </p>
            <p>
        <div class='ref_num_placement'><span class="ref_num">[35]</span></div>
<div class='reference_list_entry'>
  Hart RG, Halperin JL, Pearce LA, et al; Stroke Prevention in Atrial Fibrillation Investigators. Lessons from the Stroke Prevention in Atrial Fibrillation trials. <i>Ann Intern Med.</i> 2003;138:831-838.  <div class='slide_links'><a href="figure.php?speaker=reiffelA&figure=23">Reiffel - Atrial Fibrillation and Stroke: Epidemiology - figure 23</a></div>
</div>
              </p>
            <p>
        <div class='ref_num_placement'><span class="ref_num">[36]</span></div>
<div class='reference_list_entry'>
  Stroke Prevention in Atrial Fibrillation Investigators. Risk factors for thromboembolism during aspirin therapy in patients with atrial fibrillation: The Stroke Prevention in Atrial Fibrillation study. <i>J Stroke Cerebrovasc Dis.</i> 1995;5:147-157.  <div class='slide_links'><a href="figure.php?speaker=reiffelA&figure=23">Reiffel - Atrial Fibrillation and Stroke: Epidemiology - figure 23</a></div>
</div>
              </p>
            <p>
        <div class='ref_num_placement'><span class="ref_num">[37]</span></div>
<div class='reference_list_entry'>
  Atrial Fibrillation Investigators. Risk factors for stroke and efficacy of antithrombotic therapy in atrial fibrillation. Analysis of pooled data from five randomized controlled trials. <i>Arch Intern Med.</i> 1994;154:1449-1457.  <div class='slide_links'><a href="figure.php?speaker=reiffelA&figure=23">Reiffel - Atrial Fibrillation and Stroke: Epidemiology - figure 23</a></div>
</div>
              </p>
            <p>
        <div class='ref_num_placement'><span class="ref_num">[38]</span></div>
<div class='reference_list_entry'>
  Gage BF, Waterman AD, Shannon W, Boechler M, Rich MW, Radford MJ. Validation of clinical classification schemes for predicting stroke: results from the National Registry of Atrial Fibrillation. <i>JAMA.</i> 2001;285:2864-2870.  <div class='slide_links'><a href="figure.php?speaker=reiffelA&figure=23">Reiffel - Atrial Fibrillation and Stroke: Epidemiology - figure 23</a>, <a href="figure.php?speaker=reiffelA&figure=24">figure 24</a></div>
</div>
              </p>
            <p>
                      </p>
            <p>
        <div class='ref_num_placement'><span class="ref_num">[39]</span></div>
<div class='reference_list_entry'>
  Gage BF, van Walraven C, Pearce L, et al. Selecting patients with atrial fibrillation for anticoagulation: stroke risk stratification in patients taking aspirin. <i>Circulation.</i> 2004;110:2287-2292.  <div class='slide_links'><a href="figure.php?speaker=reiffelA&figure=24">Reiffel - Atrial Fibrillation and Stroke: Epidemiology - figure 24</a></div>
</div>
              </p>
            <p>
        <div class='ref_num_placement'><span class="ref_num">[40]</span></div>
<div class='reference_list_entry'>
  Rietbrock S, Heeley E, Plumb J, van Staa T. Chronic atrial fibrillation: Incidence, prevalence, and prediction of stroke using the Congestive heart failure, Hypertension, Age >75, Diabetes mellitus, and prior Stroke or transient ischemic attack (CHADS2) risk stratification scheme. <i>Am Heart J.</i> 2008;156:57-64.  <div class='slide_links'><a href="figure.php?speaker=reiffelA&figure=25">Reiffel - Atrial Fibrillation and Stroke: Epidemiology - figure 25</a></div>
</div>
              </p>
            <p>
        <div class='ref_num_placement'><span class="ref_num">[41]</span></div>
<div class='reference_list_entry'>
  Wang TJ, Massaro JM, Levy D, et al. A risk score for predicting stroke or death in individuals with new-onset atrial fibrillation in the community: the Framingham Heart Study. <i>JAMA.</i> 2003;290:1049-1056.  <div class='slide_links'><a href="figure.php?speaker=reiffelA&figure=25">Reiffel - Atrial Fibrillation and Stroke: Epidemiology - figure 25</a></div>
</div>
              </p>
            <p>
        <div class='ref_num_placement'><span class="ref_num">[42]</span></div>
<div class='reference_list_entry'>
  The Stroke Risk in Atrial Fibrillation Working Group. Independent predictors of stroke in patients with atrial fibrillation: A systematic review. <i>Neurology.</i> 2007;69:546-554.  <div class='slide_links'><a href="figure.php?speaker=reiffelA&figure=25">Reiffel - Atrial Fibrillation and Stroke: Epidemiology - figure 25</a></div>
</div>
              </p>
            <p>
        <div class='ref_num_placement'><span class="ref_num">[43]</span></div>
<div class='reference_list_entry'>
  Camm AJ, Kirchhof P, Lip GYH, et al. Guidelines for the management of atrial fibrillation. The Task Force for the Management of Atrial Fibrillation of the European Society of Cardiology (ESC). Developed with the special contribution of the European Heart Rhythm Association (EHRA). <i>Eur Heart J.</i> 2010;31:2369-2429.  <div class='slide_links'><a href="figure.php?speaker=reiffelA&figure=26">Reiffel - Atrial Fibrillation and Stroke: Epidemiology - figure 26</a></div>
</div>
              </p>
            <p>
        <div class='ref_num_placement'><span class="ref_num">[44]</span></div>
<div class='reference_list_entry'>
  Lip G, Nieuwlaat R, Pisters R, Lane DA, Crijns HJ. Refining clinical risk stratification for predicting stroke and thromboembolism in atrial fibrillation using a novel risk factor based approach: the Euro Heart Survey on Atrial Fibrillation. <i>Chest.</i> 2010;137:263-272.  <div class='slide_links'><a href="figure.php?speaker=reiffelA&figure=26">Reiffel - Atrial Fibrillation and Stroke: Epidemiology - figure 26</a></div>
</div>
              </p>
            <p>
        <div class='ref_num_placement'><span class="ref_num">[45]</span></div>
<div class='reference_list_entry'>
  Marinigh R, Lane DA, Lip GY. Severe renal impairment and stroke prevention in atrial fibrillation: implications for thromboprophylaxis and bleeding risk. <i>J Am Coll Cardiol.</i> 2011;57:1339-1348.  <div class='slide_links'><a href="figure.php?speaker=reiffelA&figure=26">Reiffel - Atrial Fibrillation and Stroke: Epidemiology - figure 26</a></div>
</div>
              </p>
            <p>
        <div class='ref_num_placement'><span class="ref_num">[46]</span></div>
<div class='reference_list_entry'>
  Lip GY, Halperin JL Improving stroke risk stratification in atrial fibrillation. <i>Am J Med.</i> 2010;123:484-488.  <div class='slide_links'><a href="figure.php?speaker=reiffelA&figure=27">Reiffel - Atrial Fibrillation and Stroke: Epidemiology - figure 27</a></div>
</div>
              </p>
            <p>
        <div class='ref_num_placement'><span class="ref_num">[47]</span></div>
<div class='reference_list_entry'>
  Madias C, Trohman RG. The link between atrial fibrillation and stroke in women. <i>Womens Health (Lond Engl).</i> 2011;7:375-382.  <div class='slide_links'><a href="figure.php?speaker=reiffelA&figure=28">Reiffel - Atrial Fibrillation and Stroke: Epidemiology - figure 28</a></div>
</div>
              </p>
            <p>
        <div class='ref_num_placement'><span class="ref_num">[48]</span></div>
<div class='reference_list_entry'>
  Olesen JB, Lip GY, Hansen ML, et al. Validation of risk stratification schemes for predicting stroke and thromboembolism in patients with atrial fibrillation: nationwide cohort study. <i>BMJ.</i> 2011;342:d124. doi: 10.1136/bmj.d124.  <div class='slide_links'><a href="figure.php?speaker=reiffelA&figure=29">Reiffel - Atrial Fibrillation and Stroke: Epidemiology - figure 29</a></div>
</div>
              </p>
        <h3 class='reference_section'>Steven A. Rothman, MD</h3>
        <p>
        <div class='ref_num_placement'><span class="ref_num">[49]</span></div>
<div class='reference_list_entry'>
  Fuster V, Rydén LE, Cannom DS, et al. 2011 ACCF/AHA/HRS Focused updates incorporated into the ACC/AHA/ESC 2006 guidelines for the management of patients with atrial fibrillation: A report of the American College of Cardiology Foundation/American Heart Association Task Force on Practice Guidelines Developed in partnership with the European Society of Cardiology and in collaboration with the European Heart Rhythm Association and the Heart Rhythm Society. <i>J Am Coll Cardiol.</i> 2011;57:e101-e198.  <div class='slide_links'><a href="figure.php?speaker=rothman&figure=3">Steven A. Rothman, MD - AFib Treatment: General Population - figure 3</a></div>
</div>
              </p>
            <p>
        <div class='ref_num_placement'><span class="ref_num">[50]</span></div>
<div class='reference_list_entry'>
  Wann LS, Curtis AB, Ellenbogen KA, et al. 2011 ACCF/AHA/HRS focused update on the management of patients with atrial fibrillation (update on dabigatran): a report of the American College of Cardiology Foundation/American Heart Association Task Force on practice guidelines. <i>J Am Coll Cardiol.</i> 2011;57:1330-1337.  <div class='slide_links'><a href="figure.php?speaker=rothman&figure=3">Steven A. Rothman, MD - AFib Treatment: General Population - figure 3</a></div>
</div>
              </p>
            <p>
        <div class='ref_num_placement'><span class="ref_num">[51]</span></div>
<div class='reference_list_entry'>
  Gage BF, Boechler M, Doggette AL, et al. Adverse outcomes and predictors of underuse of antithrombotic therapy in Medicare beneficiaries with chronic atrial fibrillation. <i>Stroke.</i> 2000;31:822-827.  <div class='slide_links'><a href="figure.php?speaker=rothman&figure=5">Steven A. Rothman, MD - AFib Treatment: General Population - figure 5</a></div>
</div>
              </p>
            <p>
        <div class='ref_num_placement'><span class="ref_num">[52]</span></div>
<div class='reference_list_entry'>
  Samsa GP, Matchar DB, Goldstein LB, et al. Quality of anticoagulation management among patients with atrial fibrillation: results of a review of medical records from 2 communities. <i>Arch Intern Med.</i> 2000;160:967-973.  <div class='slide_links'><a href="figure.php?speaker=rothman&figure=6">Steven A. Rothman, MD - AFib Treatment: General Population - figure 6</a></div>
</div>
              </p>
            <p>
        <div class='ref_num_placement'><span class="ref_num">[53]</span></div>
<div class='reference_list_entry'>
  Anter E, Callans DJ, Wyse DG. Pharmacological and electrical conversion of atrial fibrillation to sinus rhythm is worth the effort. <i>Circulation.</i> 2009;120:1436-1443.  <div class='slide_links'><a href="figure.php?speaker=rothman&figure=8">Steven A. Rothman, MD - AFib Treatment: General Population - figure 8</a></div>
</div>
              </p>
            <p>
        <div class='ref_num_placement'><span class="ref_num">[54]</span></div>
<div class='reference_list_entry'>
  Boston Area Anticoagulation Trial for Atrial Fibrillation Investigators. The effect of low dose warfarin on the risk of stroke in patients with nonrheumatic atrial fibrillation. <i>N Engl J Med.</i> 1990;323:1505-1515.  <div class='slide_links'><a href="figure.php?speaker=rothman&figure=9">Steven A. Rothman, MD - AFib Treatment: General Population - figure 9</a></div>
</div>
              </p>
            <p>
        <div class='ref_num_placement'><span class="ref_num">[55]</span></div>
<div class='reference_list_entry'>
  Stroke Prevention in Atrial Fibrillation Investigators. Stroke Prevention in Atrial Fibrillation study: final results. <i>Circulation.</i> 1991;84:527-539.  <div class='slide_links'><a href="figure.php?speaker=rothman&figure=9">Steven A. Rothman, MD - AFib Treatment: General Population - figure 9</a></div>
</div>
              </p>
            <p>
        <div class='ref_num_placement'><span class="ref_num">[56]</span></div>
<div class='reference_list_entry'>
  Petersen P, Boysen G, Godtfredsen J, Andersen ED, Andersen B. Placebo-controlled, randomized trial of warfarin and aspirin for prevention of thromboembolic complication in chronic atrial fibrillation: the Copenhagen AFASAK study. <i>Lancet.</i> 1989;1:175-178.  <div class='slide_links'><a href="figure.php?speaker=rothman&figure=9">Steven A. Rothman, MD - AFib Treatment: General Population - figure 9</a></div>
</div>
              </p>
            <p>
        <div class='ref_num_placement'><span class="ref_num">[57]</span></div>
<div class='reference_list_entry'>
  Roy D, Marchand E, Gagne P, Chabot M, Cartier R: Usefulness of anticoagulant therapy in the prevention of embolic complications of atrial fibrillation. <i>Am Heart J.</i> 1986;112:1039-1043.  <div class='slide_links'><a href="figure.php?speaker=rothman&figure=9">Steven A. Rothman, MD - AFib Treatment: General Population - figure 9</a></div>
</div>
              </p>
            <p>
        <div class='ref_num_placement'><span class="ref_num">[58]</span></div>
<div class='reference_list_entry'>
  McCabe JM, Johnson CJ, Marcus GM. Internal medicine physicians' perceptions regarding rate versus rhythm control for atrial fibrillation. <i>Am Heart J.</i> 2009;103:535-539.  <div class='slide_links'><a href="figure.php?speaker=rothman&figure=10">Steven A. Rothman, MD - AFib Treatment: General Population - figure 10</a>, <a href="figure.php?speaker=rothman&figure=11">figure 11</a></div>
</div>
              </p>
            <p>
                      </p>
            <p>
        <div class='ref_num_placement'><span class="ref_num">[59]</span></div>
<div class='reference_list_entry'>
  Van Gelder IC, Hagens VE, Bosker HA, et al; Rate Control versus Electrical Cardioversion for Persistent Atrial Fibrillation Study Group. A comparison of rate control and rhythm control in patients with recurrent persistent atrial fibrillation. <i>N Engl J Med.</i> 2002;347:1834-1840.  <div class='slide_links'><a href="figure.php?speaker=rothman&figure=12">Steven A. Rothman, MD - AFib Treatment: General Population - figure 12</a>, <a href="figure.php?speaker=rothman&figure=13">figure 13</a></div>
</div>
              </p>
            <p>
        <div class='ref_num_placement'><span class="ref_num">[60]</span></div>
<div class='reference_list_entry'>
  Wyse DG, Waldo AL, DiMarco JP, et al; Atrial Fibrillation Follow-up Investigation of Rhythm Management (AFFIRM) Investigators. A comparison of rate control and rhythm control in patients with atrial fibrillation. <i>N Engl J Med.</i> 2002;347:1825-1833.  <div class='slide_links'><a href="figure.php?speaker=rothman&figure=12">Steven A. Rothman, MD - AFib Treatment: General Population - figure 12</a>, <a href="figure.php?speaker=rothman&figure=14">figure 14</a></div>
</div>
              </p>
            <p>
        <div class='ref_num_placement'><span class="ref_num">[61]</span></div>
<div class='reference_list_entry'>
  Carlsson J, Miketic S, Windeler J, et al; STAF Investigators. Randomized trial of rate-control versus rhythm-control in persistent atrial fibrillation: the Strategies of Treatment of Atrial Fibrillation (STAF) study. <i>J Am Coll Cardiol.</i> 2003;4:1690-1696.  <div class='slide_links'><a href="figure.php?speaker=rothman&figure=12">Steven A. Rothman, MD - AFib Treatment: General Population - figure 12</a></div>
</div>
              </p>
            <p>
        <div class='ref_num_placement'><span class="ref_num">[62]</span></div>
<div class='reference_list_entry'>
  Grönefeld G, Hohnloser SH. Towards a consensus in rate versus rhythm control for management of atrial fibrillation: insights from the PIAF trial. <i>Card Electrophysiol Rev.</i> 2003;7:113-117.  <div class='slide_links'><a href="figure.php?speaker=rothman&figure=12">Steven A. Rothman, MD - AFib Treatment: General Population - figure 12</a></div>
</div>
              </p>
            <p>
                      </p>
            <p>
                      </p>
            <p>
        <div class='ref_num_placement'><span class="ref_num">[63]</span></div>
<div class='reference_list_entry'>
  Olesen JB, Torp-Pedersen C, Hansen ML, Lip GY. The value of the CHA2DS2-VASc score for refining stroke risk stratification in patients with atrial fibrillation with a CHADS2 score 0-1: a nationwide cohort study. <i>Thromb Haemost.</i> 2012;107:1172-1179.  <div class='slide_links'><a href="figure.php?speaker=rothman&figure=15">Steven A. Rothman, MD - AFib Treatment: General Population - figure 15</a></div>
</div>
              </p>
            <p>
        <div class='ref_num_placement'><span class="ref_num">[64]</span></div>
<div class='reference_list_entry'>
  Gage BF, Waterman AD, Shannon W, Boechler M, Rich MW, Radford MJ. Validation of clinical classification schemes for predicting stroke: results from the National Registry of Atrial Fibrillation. <i>JAMA.</i> 2001;285:2864-2870.  <div class='slide_links'><a href="figure.php?speaker=rothman&figure=15">Steven A. Rothman, MD - AFib Treatment: General Population - figure 15</a></div>
</div>
              </p>
            <p>
        <div class='ref_num_placement'><span class="ref_num">[65]</span></div>
<div class='reference_list_entry'>
  Gross CP, Vogel EW, Dhond AJ, et al. Factors influencing physicians' reported use of anticoagulation therapy in nonvalvular atrial fibrillation: a cross-sectional survey. <i>Clin Ther.</i> 2003;25:1750-1764.  <div class='slide_links'><a href="figure.php?speaker=rothman&figure=17">Steven A. Rothman, MD - AFib Treatment: General Population - figure 17</a></div>
</div>
              </p>
            <p>
        <div class='ref_num_placement'><span class="ref_num">[66]</span></div>
<div class='reference_list_entry'>
  Beyth RJ, Antani MR, Covinsky KE, et al. Why isn't warfarin prescribed to patients with nonrheumatic atrial fibrillation? <i>J Gen Intern Med.</i> 1996;11:721-728.  <div class='slide_links'><a href="figure.php?speaker=rothman&figure=17">Steven A. Rothman, MD - AFib Treatment: General Population - figure 17</a></div>
</div>
              </p>
            <p>
        <div class='ref_num_placement'><span class="ref_num">[67]</span></div>
<div class='reference_list_entry'>
  Peterson GM, Boom K, Jackson SL, Vial JH. Doctors' beliefs on the use of antithrombotic therapy in atrial fibrillation: identifying barriers to stroke prevention. <i>Intern Med J.</i> 2002;32:15-23.  <div class='slide_links'><a href="figure.php?speaker=rothman&figure=17">Steven A. Rothman, MD - AFib Treatment: General Population - figure 17</a></div>
</div>
              </p>
            <p>
        <div class='ref_num_placement'><span class="ref_num">[68]</span></div>
<div class='reference_list_entry'>
  Fang MC, Go AS, Hylek EM, et al. Age and the risk of warfarin-associated hemorrhage: The Anticoagulation and Risk Factors In Atrial Fibrillation Study. <i>J Am Geriatr Soc.</i> 2006;54:1231-1236.  <div class='slide_links'><a href="figure.php?speaker=rothman&figure=20">Steven A. Rothman, MD - AFib Treatment: General Population - figure 20</a></div>
</div>
              </p>
            <p>
        <div class='ref_num_placement'><span class="ref_num">[69]</span></div>
<div class='reference_list_entry'>
  Atrial Fibrillation Investigators. Risk factors for stroke and efficacy of antithrombotic therapy in atrial fibrillation. Analysis of pooled data from five randomized controlled trials. <i>Arch Intern Med.</i> 1994;154:1449-1457.  <div class='slide_links'><a href="figure.php?speaker=rothman&figure=21">Steven A. Rothman, MD - AFib Treatment: General Population - figure 21</a></div>
</div>
              </p>
            <p>
        <div class='ref_num_placement'><span class="ref_num">[70]</span></div>
<div class='reference_list_entry'>
  The Atrial Fibrillation Investigators. The efficacy of aspirin in patients with atrial fibrillation. Analysis of pooled data from 3 randomized trials. <i>Arch Intern Med.</i> 1997;157:1237-1240.  <div class='slide_links'><a href="figure.php?speaker=rothman&figure=21">Steven A. Rothman, MD - AFib Treatment: General Population - figure 21</a></div>
</div>
              </p>
            <p>
        <div class='ref_num_placement'><span class="ref_num">[71]</span></div>
<div class='reference_list_entry'>
  Van Walraven C, Hart RG, Singer DE, et al. Oral anticoagulants vs aspirin in nonvalvular atrial fibrillation: an individual patient meta-analysis. <i>JAMA.</i> 2002;288:2441-2448.  <div class='slide_links'><a href="figure.php?speaker=rothman&figure=21">Steven A. Rothman, MD - AFib Treatment: General Population - figure 21</a></div>
</div>
              </p>
            <p>
        <div class='ref_num_placement'><span class="ref_num">[72]</span></div>
<div class='reference_list_entry'>
  ACTIVE Writing Group of the ACTIVE Investigators, Connolly S, Pogue J, Hart R, et al. Clopidogrel plus aspirin versus oral anticoagulation for atrial fibrillation in the Atrial fibrillation Clopidogrel Trial with Irbesartan for prevention of Vascular Events (ACTIVE W): a randomised controlled trial. <i>Lancet.</i> 2006;367:1903-1912.  <div class='slide_links'><a href="figure.php?speaker=rothman&figure=22">Steven A. Rothman, MD - AFib Treatment: General Population - figure 22</a></div>
</div>
              </p>
            <p>
        <div class='ref_num_placement'><span class="ref_num">[73]</span></div>
<div class='reference_list_entry'>
  ACTIVE Investigators, Connolly SJ, Pogue J, Hart RG, et al. Effect of clopidogrel added to aspirin in patients with atrial fibrillation. <i>N Engl J Med.</i> 2009;360:2066-2078.  <div class='slide_links'><a href="figure.php?speaker=rothman&figure=22">Steven A. Rothman, MD - AFib Treatment: General Population - figure 22</a></div>
</div>
              </p>
            <p>
        <div class='ref_num_placement'><span class="ref_num">[74]</span></div>
<div class='reference_list_entry'>
  Singer DE, Chang Y, Fang MC, et al. Should patient characteristics influence target anticoagulation intensity for stroke prevention in nonvalvular atrial fibrillation?: the ATRIA study. <i>Circ Cardiovasc Qual Outcomes.</i> 2009;2:297-304.  <div class='slide_links'><a href="figure.php?speaker=rothman&figure=24">Steven A. Rothman, MD - AFib Treatment: General Population - figure 24</a></div>
</div>
              </p>
            <p>
        <div class='ref_num_placement'><span class="ref_num">[75]</span></div>
<div class='reference_list_entry'>
  Morgan CL, McEwan P, Tukiendorf A, Robinson PA, Clemens A, Plumb JM. Warfarin treatment in patients with atrial fibrillation: observing outcomes associated with varying levels of INR control. <i>Thromb Res.</i> 2009;124:37-41.  <div class='slide_links'><a href="figure.php?speaker=rothman&figure=25">Steven A. Rothman, MD - AFib Treatment: General Population - figure 25</a></div>
</div>
              </p>
            <p>
        <div class='ref_num_placement'><span class="ref_num">[76]</span></div>
<div class='reference_list_entry'>
  Baker WL, Cios DA, Sander SD, Coleman CI. Meta-analysis to assess the quality of warfarin control in atrial fibrillation patients in the United States. <i>J Manag Care Pharm.</i> 2009;15:244-252.  <div class='slide_links'><a href="figure.php?speaker=rothman&figure=26">Steven A. Rothman, MD - AFib Treatment: General Population - figure 26</a></div>
</div>
              </p>
            <p>
        <div class='ref_num_placement'><span class="ref_num">[77]</span></div>
<div class='reference_list_entry'>
  Rose AJ, Hylek EM, Ozonoff A, Ash AS, Reisman JI, Berlowitz DR. Patient characteristics associated with oral anticoagulation control: results of the Veterans AffaiRs Study to Improve Anticoagulation (VARIA). <i>J Thromb Haemost.</i> 2010;8:2182-2191.  <div class='slide_links'><a href="figure.php?speaker=rothman&figure=27">Steven A. Rothman, MD - AFib Treatment: General Population - figure 27</a></div>
</div>
              </p>
            <p>
        <div class='ref_num_placement'><span class="ref_num">[78]</span></div>
<div class='reference_list_entry'>
  Nagarakanti R, Ezekowitz MD, Oldgren J, et al. Dabigatran versus warfarin in patients with atrial fibrillation: an analysis of patients undergoing cardioversion. <i>Circulation.</i> 2011;123:131-136.  <div class='slide_links'><a href="figure.php?speaker=rothman&figure=29">Steven A. Rothman, MD - AFib Treatment: General Population - figure 29</a></div>
</div>
              </p>
            <p>
        <div class='ref_num_placement'><span class="ref_num">[79]</span></div>
<div class='reference_list_entry'>
  Patel MR, Mahaffey KW, Garg J, et al; ROCKET AF Investigators. Rivaroxaban versus warfarin in nonvalvular atrial fibrillation. <i>N Engl J Med.</i> 2011;365:883-891.  <div class='slide_links'><a href="figure.php?speaker=rothman&figure=31">Steven A. Rothman, MD - AFib Treatment: General Population - figure 31</a></div>
</div>
              </p>
            <p>
        <div class='ref_num_placement'><span class="ref_num">[80]</span></div>
<div class='reference_list_entry'>
  Xarelto&reg; (rivaroxaban) film-coated oral tablets [prescribing information]. Titusville, NJ: <i>Janssen Pharmaceuticals, Inc</i>; 2011, revised November 2012.  <div class='slide_links'><a href="figure.php?speaker=rothman&figure=31">Steven A. Rothman, MD - AFib Treatment: General Population - figure 31</a></div>
</div>
              </p>
        <h3 class='reference_section'>James A. Reiffel, MD</h3>
        <p>
        <div class='ref_num_placement'><span class="ref_num">[81]</span></div>
<div class='reference_list_entry'>
  Go AS, Hylek EM, Borowsky LH, Phillips KA, Selby JV, Singer DE. Warfarin use among ambulatory patients with nonvalvular atrial fibrillation: the anticoagulation and risk factors in atrial fibrillation (ATRIA) study. <i>Ann Intern Med.</i> 1999;131:927-934.  <div class='slide_links'><a href="figure.php?speaker=reiffelB&figure=3">James A. Reiffel, MD - Novel Oral Anticoagulants - figure 3</a></div>
</div>
              </p>
            <p>
        <div class='ref_num_placement'><span class="ref_num">[82]</span></div>
<div class='reference_list_entry'>
  Rose AJ, Hylek EM, Ozonoff A, Ash AS, Reisman JI, Berlowitz DR. Risk-adjusted percent time in therapeutic range as a quality indicator for outpatient oral anticoagulation: results of the Veterans Affairs Study to Improve Anticoagulation (VARIA). <i>Circ Cardiovasc Qual Outcomes.</i> 2011;4:22-29.  <div class='slide_links'><a href="figure.php?speaker=reiffelB&figure=3">James A. Reiffel, MD - Novel Oral Anticoagulants - figure 3</a></div>
</div>
              </p>
            <p>
        <div class='ref_num_placement'><span class="ref_num">[83]</span></div>
<div class='reference_list_entry'>
  Baker WL, Cios DA, Sander SD, Coleman CI. Meta-analysis to assess the quality of warfarin control in atrial fibrillation patients in the United States. <i>J Manag Care Pharm.</i> 2009;15:244-252.  <div class='slide_links'><a href="figure.php?speaker=reiffelB&figure=3">James A. Reiffel, MD - Novel Oral Anticoagulants - figure 3</a></div>
</div>
              </p>
            <p>
        <div class='ref_num_placement'><span class="ref_num">[84]</span></div>
<div class='reference_list_entry'>
  Rose AJ, Ozonoff A, Henault LE, Hylek EM. Warfarin for atrial fibrillation in community-based practise. <i>J Thromb Haemost.</i> 2008;6:1647-1654.  <div class='slide_links'><a href="figure.php?speaker=reiffelB&figure=3">James A. Reiffel, MD - Novel Oral Anticoagulants - figure 3</a></div>
</div>
              </p>
            <p>
        <div class='ref_num_placement'><span class="ref_num">[85]</span></div>
<div class='reference_list_entry'>
  Sarawate C, Sikirica MV, Willey VJ, Bullano MF, Hauch O. Monitoring anticoagulation in atrial fibrillation. <i>J Thromb Thrombolysis.</i> 2006;21:191-198.  <div class='slide_links'><a href="figure.php?speaker=reiffelB&figure=3">James A. Reiffel, MD - Novel Oral Anticoagulants - figure 3</a></div>
</div>
              </p>
            <p>
        <div class='ref_num_placement'><span class="ref_num">[86]</span></div>
<div class='reference_list_entry'>
  McCormick D, Gurwitz, JH, Goldberg RJ, et al. Prevalence and quality of warfarin use for patients with atrial fibrillation in the long-term care setting. <i>Arch Intern Med.</i> 2001;161:2458-2463.  <div class='slide_links'><a href="figure.php?speaker=reiffelB&figure=3">James A. Reiffel, MD - Novel Oral Anticoagulants - figure 3</a></div>
</div>
              </p>
            <p>
        <div class='ref_num_placement'><span class="ref_num">[87]</span></div>
<div class='reference_list_entry'>
  Connolly SJ, Pogue J, Eikelboom J, et al; ACTIVE W Investigators. Benefit of oral anticoagulant over antiplatelet therapy in atrial fibrillation depends on the quality of international normalized ratio control achieved by centers and countries as measured by time in therapeutic range. <i>Circulation.</i> 2008;118:2029-2037.  <div class='slide_links'><a href="figure.php?speaker=reiffelB&figure=4">James A. Reiffel, MD - Novel Oral Anticoagulants - figure 4</a></div>
</div>
              </p>
            <p>
        <div class='ref_num_placement'><span class="ref_num">[88]</span></div>
<div class='reference_list_entry'>
  White RH, McBurnie MA, Manolio T, et al. Oral anticoagulation in patients with atrial fibrillation: adherence with guidelines in an elderly cohort. <i>Am J Med.</i> 1999;106:165-171.  <div class='slide_links'><a href="figure.php?speaker=reiffelB&figure=5">James A. Reiffel, MD - Novel Oral Anticoagulants - figure 5</a></div>
</div>
              </p>
            <p>
        <div class='ref_num_placement'><span class="ref_num">[89]</span></div>
<div class='reference_list_entry'>
  Wolf PA, Abbott RD, Kannel WB. Atrial fibrillation: a major contributor to stroke in the elderly. The Framingham Study. <i>Arch Intern Med.</i> 1987;147:1561-1564.  <div class='slide_links'><a href="figure.php?speaker=reiffelB&figure=5">James A. Reiffel, MD - Novel Oral Anticoagulants - figure 5</a></div>
</div>
              </p>
            <p>
        <div class='ref_num_placement'><span class="ref_num">[90]</span></div>
<div class='reference_list_entry'>
  Roy B, Desai RV, Mujib M, Epstein AE, et al. Effect of warfarin on outcomes in septuagenarian patients with atrial fibrillation. <i>Am J Cardiol.</i> 2012;109:370-377.  <div class='slide_links'><a href="figure.php?speaker=reiffelB&figure=6">James A. Reiffel, MD - Novel Oral Anticoagulants - figure 6</a></div>
</div>
              </p>
            <p>
        <div class='ref_num_placement'><span class="ref_num">[91]</span></div>
<div class='reference_list_entry'>
  Fuster V, Rydén LE, Cannom DS, et al. 2011 ACCF/AHA/HRS Focused updates incorporated into fthe ACC/AHA/ESC 2006 guidelines for the management of patients with atrial fibrillation: A report of the American College of Cardiology Foundation/American Heart Association Task Force on Practice Guidelines Developed in partnership with the European Society of Cardiology and in collaboration with the European Heart Rhythm Association and the Heart Rhythm Society. <i>J Am Coll Cardiol.</i> 2011;57:e101-e198.  <div class='slide_links'><a href="figure.php?speaker=reiffelB&figure=7">James A. Reiffel, MD - Novel Oral Anticoagulants - figure 7</a>, <a href="figure.php?speaker=reiffelB&figure=8">figure 8</a></div>
</div>
              </p>
            <p>
        <div class='ref_num_placement'><span class="ref_num">[92]</span></div>
<div class='reference_list_entry'>
  Wann LS, Curtis AB, Ellenbogen KA, et al. 2011 ACCF/AHA/HRS focused update on the management of patients with atrial fibrillation (update on dabigatran): a report of the American College of Cardiology Foundation/American Heart Association Task Force on practice guidelines. <i>J Am Coll Cardiol.</i> 2011;57:1330-1337.  <div class='slide_links'><a href="figure.php?speaker=reiffelB&figure=7">James A. Reiffel, MD - Novel Oral Anticoagulants - figure 7</a>, <a href="figure.php?speaker=reiffelB&figure=8">figure 8</a></div>
</div>
              </p>
            <p>
        <div class='ref_num_placement'><span class="ref_num">[93]</span></div>
<div class='reference_list_entry'>
  Camm AJ, Lip GY, De Caterina R, et al; ESC Committee for Practice Guidelines (CPG),. 2012 focused update of the ESC guidelines for the management of atrial fibrillation: An update of the 2010 ESC Guidelines for the management of atrial fibrillation. Developed with the special contribution of the European Heart Rhythm Association. <i>Eur Heart J.</i> 2012;33:2719-2747.  <div class='slide_links'><a href="figure.php?speaker=reiffelB&figure=7">James A. Reiffel, MD - Novel Oral Anticoagulants - figure 7</a>, <a href="figure.php?speaker=reiffelB&figure=8">figure 8</a></div>
</div>
              </p>
            <p>
                      </p>
            <p>
                      </p>
            <p>
                      </p>
            <p>
        <div class='ref_num_placement'><span class="ref_num">[94]</span></div>
<div class='reference_list_entry'>
  Lansberg MG, O&apos;Donnell MJ, Khatri P, et al. Antithrombotic and thrombolytic therapy for ischemic stroke: Antithrombotic Therapy and prevention of thrombosis, 9th ed: American College of Chest Physicians Evidence-Based Clinical Practice Guidelines. <i>Chest.</i> 2012;141(2 Suppl):e601S-e636S.  <div class='slide_links'><a href="figure.php?speaker=reiffelB&figure=8">James A. Reiffel, MD - Novel Oral Anticoagulants - figure 8</a></div>
</div>
              </p>
            <p>
        <div class='ref_num_placement'><span class="ref_num">[95]</span></div>
<div class='reference_list_entry'>
  Furie KL, Goldstein LB, Albers GW, et al; the American Heart Association Stroke Council, Council on Quality of Care and Outcomes Research, Council on Cardiovascular Nursing, Council on Clinical Cardiology, and Council on Peripheral Vascular Disease. Oral antithrombotic agents for the prevention of stroke in nonvalvular atrial fibrillation: A Science Advisory for Healthcare Professionals from the American Heart Association/American Stroke Association. <i>Stroke.</i> 2012;43:3442-3453.  <div class='slide_links'><a href="figure.php?speaker=reiffelB&figure=8">James A. Reiffel, MD - Novel Oral Anticoagulants - figure 8</a></div>
</div>
              </p>
            <p>
        <div class='ref_num_placement'><span class="ref_num">[96]</span></div>
<div class='reference_list_entry'>
  Connolly SJ, Ezekowitz MD, Yusuf S, et al; RE-LY Steering Committee and Investigators. Dabigatran versus warfarin in patients with atrial fibrillation. <i>N Engl J Med.</i> 2009;361:1139-1151.  <div class='slide_links'><a href="figure.php?speaker=reiffelB&figure=9">James A. Reiffel, MD - Novel Oral Anticoagulants - figure 9</a>, <a href="figure.php?speaker=reiffelB&figure=11">figure 11</a>, <a href="figure.php?speaker=reiffelB&figure=17">figure 17</a>, <a href="figure.php?speaker=reiffelB&figure=19">figure 19</a>, <a href="figure.php?speaker=reiffelB&figure=20">figure 20</a>, <a href="figure.php?speaker=reiffelB&figure=21">figure 21</a>, <a href="figure.php?speaker=reiffelB&figure=23">figure 23</a>, <a href="figure.php?speaker=reiffelB&figure=25">figure 25</a>, <a href="figure.php?speaker=reiffelB&figure=27">figure 27</a>, <a href="figure.php?speaker=reiffelB&figure=33">figure 33</a>, <a href="figure.php?speaker=reiffelB&figure=44">figure 44</a>, <a href="figure.php?speaker=reiffelB&figure=45">figure 45</a>, <a href="figure.php?speaker=reiffelB&figure=46">figure 46</a>, <a href="figure.php?speaker=reiffelB&figure=47">figure 47</a>, <a href="figure.php?speaker=reiffelB&figure=51">figure 51</a>, <a href="figure.php?speaker=reiffelB&figure=53">figure 53</a>, <a href="figure.php?speaker=reiffelB&figure=59">figure 59</a></div>
</div>
              </p>
            <p>
        <div class='ref_num_placement'><span class="ref_num">[97]</span></div>
<div class='reference_list_entry'>
  Patel MR, Mahaffey KW, Garg J, et al; the ROCKET AF Steering Committee, for the ROCKET AF Investigators. Rivaroxaban versus warfarin in nonvalvular atrial fibrillation. <i>N Engl J Med.</i> 2011;365:883-891.  <div class='slide_links'><a href="figure.php?speaker=reiffelB&figure=9">James A. Reiffel, MD - Novel Oral Anticoagulants - figure 9</a>, <a href="figure.php?speaker=reiffelB&figure=11">figure 11</a>, <a href="figure.php?speaker=reiffelB&figure=28">figure 28</a>, <a href="figure.php?speaker=reiffelB&figure=29">figure 29</a>, <a href="figure.php?speaker=reiffelB&figure=31">figure 31</a>, <a href="figure.php?speaker=reiffelB&figure=32">figure 32</a>, <a href="figure.php?speaker=reiffelB&figure=33">figure 33</a>, <a href="figure.php?speaker=reiffelB&figure=34">figure 34</a>, <a href="figure.php?speaker=reiffelB&figure=35">figure 35</a>, <a href="figure.php?speaker=reiffelB&figure=36">figure 36</a>, <a href="figure.php?speaker=reiffelB&figure=37">figure 37</a>, <a href="figure.php?speaker=reiffelB&figure=38">figure 38</a>, <a href="figure.php?speaker=reiffelB&figure=43">figure 43</a>, <a href="figure.php?speaker=reiffelB&figure=44">figure 44</a>, <a href="figure.php?speaker=reiffelB&figure=45">figure 45</a>, <a href="figure.php?speaker=reiffelB&figure=51">figure 51</a>, <a href="figure.php?speaker=reiffelB&figure=53">figure 53</a></div>
</div>
              </p>
            <p>
        <div class='ref_num_placement'><span class="ref_num">[98]</span></div>
<div class='reference_list_entry'>
  Connolly SJ, Eikelboom J, Joyner C, et al; AVERROES Steering Committee and Investigators. Apixaban in patients with atrial fibrillation. <i>N Engl J Med.</i> 2011;364:806-817.  <div class='slide_links'><a href="figure.php?speaker=reiffelB&figure=9">James A. Reiffel, MD - Novel Oral Anticoagulants - figure 9</a>, <a href="figure.php?speaker=reiffelB&figure=44">figure 44</a></div>
</div>
              </p>
            <p>
        <div class='ref_num_placement'><span class="ref_num">[99]</span></div>
<div class='reference_list_entry'>
  Granger CB, Alexander JH, McMurray JV, et al; the ARISTOTLE Committees and Investigators. Apixaban versus warfarin in patients with atrial fibrillation. <i>N Engl J Med.</i> 2011;365:981-992.  <div class='slide_links'><a href="figure.php?speaker=reiffelB&figure=9">James A. Reiffel, MD - Novel Oral Anticoagulants - figure 9</a>, <a href="figure.php?speaker=reiffelB&figure=44">figure 44</a>, <a href="figure.php?speaker=reiffelB&figure=45">figure 45</a>, <a href="figure.php?speaker=reiffelB&figure=46">figure 46</a>, <a href="figure.php?speaker=reiffelB&figure=47">figure 47</a>, <a href="figure.php?speaker=reiffelB&figure=48">figure 48</a>, <a href="figure.php?speaker=reiffelB&figure=49">figure 49</a>, <a href="figure.php?speaker=reiffelB&figure=50">figure 50</a>, <a href="figure.php?speaker=reiffelB&figure=51">figure 51</a>, <a href="figure.php?speaker=reiffelB&figure=53">figure 53</a>, <a href="figure.php?speaker=reiffelB&figure=59">figure 59</a></div>
</div>
              </p>
            <p>
        <div class='ref_num_placement'><span class="ref_num">[100]</span></div>
<div class='reference_list_entry'>
  Ruff CT, Giugliano RP, Antman EM, et al. Evaluation of the novel factor Xa inhibitor edoxaban compared with warfarin in patients with atrial fibrillation: design and rationale for the effective anticoagulation with factor xA next GEneration in Atrial Fibrillation-Thrombolysis In Myocardial Infarction study 48 (ENGAGE AF-TIMI 48). <i>Am Heart J.</i> 2010;160:635-641.  <div class='slide_links'><a href="figure.php?speaker=reiffelB&figure=9">James A. Reiffel, MD - Novel Oral Anticoagulants - figure 9</a></div>
</div>
              </p>
            <p>
        <div class='ref_num_placement'><span class="ref_num">[101]</span></div>
<div class='reference_list_entry'>
  Prothrombin complex concentrates to reverse warfarin-related bleeding. <i>Med Lett Drugs Ther.</i> 2011;53:78-79.  <div class='slide_links'><a href="figure.php?speaker=reiffelB&figure=10">James A. Reiffel, MD - Novel Oral Anticoagulants - figure 10</a></div>
</div>
              </p>
            <p>
        <div class='ref_num_placement'><span class="ref_num">[102]</span></div>
<div class='reference_list_entry'>
  Eerenberg ES, Kamphuisen PW, Sijpkens MK, Meijers JC, Buller HR, Levi M. Reversal of rivaroxaban and dabigatran by prothrombin complex concentrate: a randomized, placebo-controlled, crossover study in healthy subjects. <i>Circulation.</i> 2011;124:1573-1579.  <div class='slide_links'><a href="figure.php?speaker=reiffelB&figure=10">James A. Reiffel, MD - Novel Oral Anticoagulants - figure 10</a></div>
</div>
              </p>
            <p>
                      </p>
            <p>
                      </p>
            <p>
        <div class='ref_num_placement'><span class="ref_num">[103]</span></div>
<div class='reference_list_entry'>
  Lopes RD, Alexander JH, Al-Khatib SM, et al; ARISTOTLE Investigators. Apixaban for reduction in stroke and other ThromboemboLic events in atrial fibrillation (ARISTOTLE) trial: design and rationale. <i>Am Heart J.</i> 2010;159:331-339.  <div class='slide_links'><a href="figure.php?speaker=reiffelB&figure=11">James A. Reiffel, MD - Novel Oral Anticoagulants - figure 11</a></div>
</div>
              </p>
            <p>
        <div class='ref_num_placement'><span class="ref_num">[104]</span></div>
<div class='reference_list_entry'>
  Pradaxa&reg; (dabigatran etexilate mesylate) capsules [prescribing information]. Ridgefield, CT: <i>Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals, Inc.</i>; 2010. Revised: December 2012.  <div class='slide_links'><a href="figure.php?speaker=reiffelB&figure=12">James A. Reiffel, MD - Novel Oral Anticoagulants - figure 12</a>, <a href="figure.php?speaker=reiffelB&figure=22">figure 22</a></div>
</div>
              </p>
            <p>
        <div class='ref_num_placement'><span class="ref_num">[105]</span></div>
<div class='reference_list_entry'>
  Stangier J. Clinical pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of the oral direct thrombin inhibitor dabigatran etexilate. <i>Clin Pharmacokinet.</i> 2008;47:285-295.  <div class='slide_links'><a href="figure.php?speaker=reiffelB&figure=13">James A. Reiffel, MD - Novel Oral Anticoagulants - figure 13</a>, <a href="figure.php?speaker=reiffelB&figure=14">figure 14</a></div>
</div>
              </p>
            <p>
                      </p>
            <p>
        <div class='ref_num_placement'><span class="ref_num">[106]</span></div>
<div class='reference_list_entry'>
  Stangier J, Rathgen K, Stähle H, Gansser D, Roth W. The pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics and tolerability of dabigatran etexilate, a new oral direct thrombin inhibitor, in healthy male subjects. <i>Br J Clin Pharmacol.</i> 2007;64:292-303.  <div class='slide_links'><a href="figure.php?speaker=reiffelB&figure=15">James A. Reiffel, MD - Novel Oral Anticoagulants - figure 15</a></div>
</div>
              </p>
            <p>
        <div class='ref_num_placement'><span class="ref_num">[107]</span></div>
<div class='reference_list_entry'>
  Lehr T, Haertter S, Liesenfeld KH, Staab A, et al. Dabigatran etexilate in atrial fibrillation patients with severe renal impairment: dose identification using pharmacokinetic modeling and simulation. <i>J Clin Pharmacol.</i> 2012;52:1373-1378.  <div class='slide_links'><a href="figure.php?speaker=reiffelB&figure=16">James A. Reiffel, MD - Novel Oral Anticoagulants - figure 16</a></div>
</div>
              </p>
            <p>
                      </p>
            <p>
        <div class='ref_num_placement'><span class="ref_num">[108]</span></div>
<div class='reference_list_entry'>
  Ezekowitz MD, Connolly S, Parekh A, et al.. Rationale and design of RE-LY: randomized evaluation of long-term anticoagulant therapy, warfarin, compared with dabigatran. <i>Am Heart J.</i> 2009;157:805-810.  <div class='slide_links'><a href="figure.php?speaker=reiffelB&figure=18">James A. Reiffel, MD - Novel Oral Anticoagulants - figure 18</a></div>
</div>
              </p>
            <p>
                      </p>
            <p>
                      </p>
            <p>
                      </p>
            <p>
                      </p>
            <p>
                      </p>
            <p>
        <div class='ref_num_placement'><span class="ref_num">[109]</span></div>
<div class='reference_list_entry'>
  Eikelboom JW, Wallentin L, Connolly SJ, et al. Risk of bleeding with 2 doses of dabigatran compared with warfarin in older and younger patients with atrial fibrillation: an analysis of the randomized evaluation of long-term anticoagulant therapy (RE-LY) trial. <i>Circulation.</i> 2011;123:2363-2372.  <div class='slide_links'><a href="figure.php?speaker=reiffelB&figure=24">James A. Reiffel, MD - Novel Oral Anticoagulants - figure 24</a></div>
</div>
              </p>
            <p>
        <div class='ref_num_placement'><span class="ref_num">[110]</span></div>
<div class='reference_list_entry'>
  Ruiz Ortiz M, Romo E, Mesa D, et al. Outcomes and safety of antithrombotic treatment in patients aged 80 years or older with nonvalvular atrial fibrillation. <i>Am J Cardiol.</i> 2011;107:1489-1493.  <div class='slide_links'><a href="figure.php?speaker=reiffelB&figure=24">James A. Reiffel, MD - Novel Oral Anticoagulants - figure 24</a></div>
</div>
              </p>
            <p>
                      </p>
            <p>
        <div class='ref_num_placement'><span class="ref_num">[111]</span></div>
<div class='reference_list_entry'>
  Nagarakanti R, Ezekowitz MD, et al. Dabigatran versus warfarin in patients with atrial fibrillation: an analysis of patients undergoing cardioversion. <i>Circulation.</i> 2011;123:131-136.  <div class='slide_links'><a href="figure.php?speaker=reiffelB&figure=26">James A. Reiffel, MD - Novel Oral Anticoagulants - figure 26</a></div>
</div>
              </p>
            <p>
                      </p>
            <p>
                      </p>
            <p>
        <div class='ref_num_placement'><span class="ref_num">[112]</span></div>
<div class='reference_list_entry'>
  Xarelto&reg; (rivaroxaban) film-coated oral tablets [prescribing information]. Titusville, NJ: <i>Janssen Pharmaceuticals, Inc</i>; 2011. Revised: November 2012.  <div class='slide_links'><a href="figure.php?speaker=reiffelB&figure=28">James A. Reiffel, MD - Novel Oral Anticoagulants - figure 28</a>, <a href="figure.php?speaker=reiffelB&figure=39">figure 39</a>, <a href="figure.php?speaker=reiffelB&figure=40">figure 40</a>, <a href="figure.php?speaker=reiffelB&figure=41">figure 41</a></div>
</div>
              </p>
            <p>
                      </p>
            <p>
        <div class='ref_num_placement'><span class="ref_num">[113]</span></div>
<div class='reference_list_entry'>
  Perzborn E, Roehrig S, Straub A, Kubitza D, Misselwitz F. The discovery and development of rivaroxaban, an oral, direct factor Xa inhibitor. <i>Nat Rev Drug Discov.</i> 2011;10:61-75.  <div class='slide_links'><a href="figure.php?speaker=reiffelB&figure=29">James A. Reiffel, MD - Novel Oral Anticoagulants - figure 29</a></div>
</div>
              </p>
            <p>
        <div class='ref_num_placement'><span class="ref_num">[114]</span></div>
<div class='reference_list_entry'>
  Kubitza D, Becka M, Voith B, Zuehlsdorf M, Wensing G. Safety, pharmacodynamics, and pharmacokinetics of single doses of BAY 59-7939, an oral, direct factor Xa inhibitor. <i>Clin Pharmacol Ther.</i> 2005;78:412-421.  <div class='slide_links'><a href="figure.php?speaker=reiffelB&figure=29">James A. Reiffel, MD - Novel Oral Anticoagulants - figure 29</a>, <a href="figure.php?speaker=reiffelB&figure=30">figure 30</a></div>
</div>
              </p>
            <p>
                      </p>
            <p>
                      </p>
            <p>
        <div class='ref_num_placement'><span class="ref_num">[115]</span></div>
<div class='reference_list_entry'>
  ROCKET AF Study Investigators. Rivaroxaban-once daily, oral, direct factor Xa inhibition compared with vitamin K antagonism for prevention of stroke and Embolism Trial in Atrial Fibrillation: rationale and design of the ROCKET AF study. <i>Am Heart J.</i> 2010;159:340-347.  <div class='slide_links'><a href="figure.php?speaker=reiffelB&figure=31">James A. Reiffel, MD - Novel Oral Anticoagulants - figure 31</a>, <a href="figure.php?speaker=reiffelB&figure=34">figure 34</a>, <a href="figure.php?speaker=reiffelB&figure=39">figure 39</a></div>
</div>
              </p>
            <p>
                      </p>
            <p>
                      </p>
            <p>
                      </p>
            <p>
                      </p>
            <p>
                      </p>
            <p>
                      </p>
            <p>
                      </p>
            <p>
                      </p>
            <p>
                      </p>
            <p>
                      </p>
            <p>
                      </p>
            <p>
                      </p>
            <p>
                      </p>
            <p>
        <div class='ref_num_placement'><span class="ref_num">[116]</span></div>
<div class='reference_list_entry'>
  Supplementary appendix to: Patel MR, Mahaffey KW, Garg J, et al; the ROCKET AF Steering Committee, for the ROCKET AF Investigators. Rivaroxaban versus warfarin in nonvalvular atrial fibrillation. <i>N Engl J Med.</i> 2011;365:883-891. <a href='http://www.nejm.org/doi/suppl/10.1056/NEJMoa1009638/suppl_file/nejmoa1009638_appendix.pdf' target='_blank'>http://www.nejm.org/doi/suppl/10.1056/NEJMoa1009638/suppl_file/nejmoa1009638_appendix.pdf</a>  <div class='slide_links'><a href="figure.php?speaker=reiffelB&figure=41">James A. Reiffel, MD - Novel Oral Anticoagulants - figure 41</a>, <a href="figure.php?speaker=reiffelB&figure=42">figure 42</a></div>
</div>
              </p>
            <p>
                      </p>
            <p>
        <div class='ref_num_placement'><span class="ref_num">[117]</span></div>
<div class='reference_list_entry'>
  Data on file, <i>Janssen Pharmaceuticals, Inc.</i>  <div class='slide_links'><a href="figure.php?speaker=reiffelB&figure=42">James A. Reiffel, MD - Novel Oral Anticoagulants - figure 42</a></div>
</div>
              </p>
            <p>
                      </p>
            <p>
                      </p>
            <p>
                      </p>
            <p>
                      </p>
            <p>
                      </p>
            <p>
                      </p>
            <p>
                      </p>
            <p>
                      </p>
            <p>
                      </p>
            <p>
                      </p>
            <p>
                      </p>
            <p>
                      </p>
            <p>
                      </p>
            <p>
                      </p>
            <p>
                      </p>
            <p>
                      </p>
            <p>
                      </p>
            <p>
                      </p>
            <p>
        <div class='ref_num_placement'><span class="ref_num">[118]</span></div>
<div class='reference_list_entry'>
  Tendera M, Syzdół M, Parma Z. ARISTOTLE RE-LYs on the ROCKET. What&apos;s new in stroke prevention in patients with atrial fibrillation? <i>Cardiol J.</i> 2012;19:4-10.  <div class='slide_links'><a href="figure.php?speaker=reiffelB&figure=52">James A. Reiffel, MD - Novel Oral Anticoagulants - figure 52</a>, <a href="figure.php?speaker=reiffelB&figure=54">figure 54</a>, <a href="figure.php?speaker=reiffelB&figure=55">figure 55</a>, <a href="figure.php?speaker=reiffelB&figure=56">figure 56</a>, <a href="figure.php?speaker=reiffelB&figure=57">figure 57</a>, <a href="figure.php?speaker=reiffelB&figure=58">figure 58</a></div>
</div>
              </p>
            <p>
                      </p>
            <p>
                      </p>
            <p>
                      </p>
            <p>
                      </p>
            <p>
                      </p>
            <p>
                      </p>
            <p>
                      </p>
            <p>
                      </p>
            <p>
                      </p>
            <p>
                      </p>
            <p>
        <div class='ref_num_placement'><span class="ref_num">[119]</span></div>
<div class='reference_list_entry'>
  NRx share of NVAF novel oral market. <i>IMS National Prescription Audit (NPA) Weekly Data</i> through July 6, 2012.  <div class='slide_links'><a href="figure.php?speaker=reiffelB&figure=64">James A. Reiffel, MD - Novel Oral Anticoagulants - figure 64</a></div>
</div>
              </p>
        <h3 class='reference_section'>William French, MD</h3>
        <p>
        <div class='ref_num_placement'><span class="ref_num">[120]</span></div>
<div class='reference_list_entry'>
  Avgil Tsadok M, Jackevicius CA, Rahme E, Humphries KH, Behlouli H, Pilote L. Sex differences in stroke risk among older patients with recently diagnosed atrial fibrillation. <i>JAMA</i>. 2012;307:1952-1958.  <div class='slide_links'><a href="figure.php?speaker=french&figure=2">William French, MD - Anticoagulation: Special Populations - figure 2</a></div>
</div>
              </p>
            <p>
        <div class='ref_num_placement'><span class="ref_num">[121]</span></div>
<div class='reference_list_entry'>
  Patel MR, Mahaffey KW, Garg J, et al; the ROCKET AF Steering Committee, for the ROCKET AF Investigators. Rivaroxaban versus warfarin in nonvalvular atrial fibrillation. <i>N Engl J Med</i>. 2011;365:883-891.  <div class='slide_links'><a href="figure.php?speaker=french&figure=3">William French, MD - Anticoagulation: Special Populations - figure 3</a>, <a href="figure.php?speaker=french&figure=8">figure 8</a>, <a href="figure.php?speaker=french&figure=9">figure 9</a>, <a href="figure.php?speaker=french&figure=13">figure 13</a>, <a href="figure.php?speaker=french&figure=14">figure 14</a></div>
</div>
              </p>
            <p>
        <div class='ref_num_placement'><span class="ref_num">[122]</span></div>
<div class='reference_list_entry'>
  Fuster V, Rydén LE, Cannom DS, et al. 2011 ACCF/AHA/HRS Focused updates incorporated into the ACC/AHA/ESC 2006 guidelines for the management of patients with atrial fibrillation: A report of the American College of Cardiology Foundation/American Heart Association Task Force on Practice Guidelines Developed in partnership with the European Society of Cardiology and in collaboration with the European Heart Rhythm Association and the Heart Rhythm Society. <i>J Am Coll Cardiol</i>. 2011;57:e101-e198.  <div class='slide_links'><a href="figure.php?speaker=french&figure=4">William French, MD - Anticoagulation: Special Populations - figure 4</a></div>
</div>
              </p>
            <p>
        <div class='ref_num_placement'><span class="ref_num">[123]</span></div>
<div class='reference_list_entry'>
  Go AS, Hylek EM, Phillips KA, Chang Y, Henault LE, Selby JV, Singer DE. Prevalence of diagnosed atrial fibrillation in adults: national implications for rhythm management and stroke prevention: the AnTicoagulation and Risk Factors in Atrial Fibrillation (ATRIA) Study. <i>JAMA</i>. 2001;285:2370-2375.  <div class='slide_links'><a href="figure.php?speaker=french&figure=4">William French, MD - Anticoagulation: Special Populations - figure 4</a></div>
</div>
              </p>
            <p>
        <div class='ref_num_placement'><span class="ref_num">[124]</span></div>
<div class='reference_list_entry'>
  Go AS, Hylek EM, Borowsky LH, Phillips KA, Selby JV, Singer DE. Warfarin use among ambulatory patients with nonvalvular atrial fibrillation: the Anticoagulation and Risk Factors in Atrial Fibrillation (ATRIA) study. <i>Ann Intern Med</i>. 1999;131:927-934.  <div class='slide_links'><a href="figure.php?speaker=french&figure=5">William French, MD - Anticoagulation: Special Populations - figure 5</a></div>
</div>
              </p>
            <p>
                      </p>
            <p>
                      </p>
            <p>
        <div class='ref_num_placement'><span class="ref_num">[125]</span></div>
<div class='reference_list_entry'>
  Granger CB, Alexander JH, McMurray JV, et al; the ARISTOTLE Committees and Investigators. Apixaban versus warfarin in patients with atrial fibrillation. <i>N Engl J Med.</i> 2011;365:981-992.  <div class='slide_links'><a href="figure.php?speaker=french&figure=9">William French, MD - Anticoagulation: Special Populations - figure 9</a>, <a href="figure.php?speaker=french&figure=13">figure 13</a>, <a href="figure.php?speaker=french&figure=14">figure 14</a></div>
</div>
              </p>
            <p>
        <div class='ref_num_placement'><span class="ref_num">[126]</span></div>
<div class='reference_list_entry'>
  Camm AJ, Lip GY, De Caterina R, et al; ESC Committee for Practice Guidelines (CPG),. 2012 focused update of the ESC guidelines for the management of atrial fibrillation: An update of the 2010 ESC Guidelines for the management of atrial fibrillation. Developed with the special contribution of the European Heart Rhythm Association. <i>Eur Heart J.</i> 2012;33:2719-2747.  <div class='slide_links'><a href="figure.php?speaker=french&figure=10">William French, MD - Anticoagulation: Special Populations - figure 10</a>, <a href="figure.php?speaker=french&figure=15">figure 15</a></div>
</div>
              </p>
            <p>
        <div class='ref_num_placement'><span class="ref_num">[127]</span></div>
<div class='reference_list_entry'>
  Fang MC, Singer DE, Chang Y, et al. Gender differences in the risk of ischemic stroke and peripheral embolism in atrial fibrillation: the AnTicoagulation and Risk factors In Atrial fibrillation (ATRIA) study. <i>Circulation.</i> 2005;112:1687-1691.  <div class='slide_links'><a href="figure.php?speaker=french&figure=11">William French, MD - Anticoagulation: Special Populations - figure 11</a></div>
</div>
              </p>
            <p>
        <div class='ref_num_placement'><span class="ref_num">[128]</span></div>
<div class='reference_list_entry'>
  Atrial Fibrillation Investigators: Atrial Fibrillation, Aspirin, Anticoagulation Study; Boston Area Anticoagulation Trial for Atrial Fibrillation Study; Canadian Atrial Fibrillation Anticoagulation Study; Stroke Prevention in Atrial Fibrillation Study; Veterans Affairs Stroke Prevention in Nonrheumatic Atrial Fibrillation Study Risk factors for stroke and efficacy of antithrombotic therapy in atrial fibrillation. Analysis of pooled data from five randomized controlled trials. <i>Arch Intern Med.</i> 1994;154:1449-1457.  <div class='slide_links'><a href="figure.php?speaker=french&figure=12">William French, MD - Anticoagulation: Special Populations - figure 12</a></div>
</div>
              </p>
            <p>
                      </p>
            <p>
                      </p>
            <p>
        <div class='ref_num_placement'><span class="ref_num">[129]</span></div>
<div class='reference_list_entry'>
  Connolly SJ, Ezekowitz MD, Yusuf S, et al; RE-LY Steering Committee and Investigators. Dabigatran versus warfarin in patients with atrial fibrillation. <i>N Engl J Med.</i> 2009;361:1139-1151.  <div class='slide_links'><a href="figure.php?speaker=french&figure=13">William French, MD - Anticoagulation: Special Populations - figure 13</a>, <a href="figure.php?speaker=french&figure=14">figure 14</a></div>
</div>
              </p>
            <p>
                      </p>
            <p>
                      </p>
            <p>
                      </p>
            <p>
        <div class='ref_num_placement'><span class="ref_num">[130]</span></div>
<div class='reference_list_entry'>
  Eikelboom JW, Wallentin L, Connolly SJ, et al. Risk of bleeding with 2 doses of dabigatran compared with warfarin in older and younger patients with atrial fibrillation: an analysis of the randomized evaluation of long-term anticoagulant therapy (RE-LY) trial. <i>Circulation.</i> 2011;123:2363-2372.  <div class='slide_links'><a href="figure.php?speaker=french&figure=14">William French, MD - Anticoagulation: Special Populations - figure 14</a></div>
</div>
              </p>
            <p>
                      </p>
            <p>
        <div class='ref_num_placement'><span class="ref_num">[131]</span></div>
<div class='reference_list_entry'>
  Miyasaka Y, Barnes ME, Gersh BJ, et al. Secular trends in incidence of atrial fibrillation in Olmsted County, Minnesota, 1980 to 2000, and implications on the projections for future prevalence. Circulation. 2006;114:119-125.  <div class='slide_links'><a href="figure.php?speaker=french&figure=16">William French, MD - Anticoagulation: Special Populations - figure 16</a>, <a href="figure.php?speaker=french&figure=17">figure 17</a>, <a href="figure.php?speaker=french&figure=18">figure 18</a>, <a href="figure.php?speaker=french&figure=19">figure 19</a></div>
</div>
              </p>
            <p>
                      </p>
            <p>
                      </p>
            <p>
        <div class='ref_num_placement'><span class="ref_num">[132]</span></div>
<div class='reference_list_entry'>
  Domanski M. Prognosis in atrial fibrillation. <i>Eur Heart J.</i> 2006;27:895-896.  <div class='slide_links'><a href="figure.php?speaker=french&figure=19">William French, MD - Anticoagulation: Special Populations - figure 19</a></div>
</div>
              </p>
            <p>
                      </p>
            <p>
        <div class='ref_num_placement'><span class="ref_num">[133]</span></div>
<div class='reference_list_entry'>
  Paikin JS, Wright DS, Crowther MA, Mehta SR, Eikelboom JW. Triple antithrombotic therapy in patients with atrial fibrillation and coronary artery stents. <i>Circulation.</i> 2010;121:2067-2070.  <div class='slide_links'><a href="figure.php?speaker=french&figure=20">William French, MD - Anticoagulation: Special Populations - figure 20</a>, <a href="figure.php?speaker=french&figure=21">figure 21</a>, <a href="figure.php?speaker=french&figure=25">figure 25</a>, <a href="figure.php?speaker=french&figure=26">figure 26</a></div>
</div>
              </p>
            <p>
                      </p>
            <p>
        <div class='ref_num_placement'><span class="ref_num">[134]</span></div>
<div class='reference_list_entry'>
  Lamberts M, Olesen JB, Ruwald MH, et al. Bleeding after initiation of multiple antithrombotic drugs, including triple therapy, in atrial fibrillation patients following myocardial infarction and coronary intervention: a nationwide cohort study. <i>Circulation.</i> 2012;126:1185-1193.  <div class='slide_links'><a href="figure.php?speaker=french&figure=22">William French, MD - Anticoagulation: Special Populations - figure 22</a>, <a href="figure.php?speaker=french&figure=23">figure 23</a></div>
</div>
              </p>
            <p>
                      </p>
            <p>
        <div class='ref_num_placement'><span class="ref_num">[135]</span></div>
<div class='reference_list_entry'>
  Hansen ML, Sørensen R, Clausen MT, et al. Risk of bleeding with single, dual, or triple therapy with warfarin, aspirin, and clopidogrel in patients with atrial fibrillation. <i>Arch Intern Med.</i> 2010;170:1433-1441.  <div class='slide_links'><a href="figure.php?speaker=french&figure=24">William French, MD - Anticoagulation: Special Populations - figure 24</a></div>
</div>
              </p>
            <p>
                      </p>
            <p>
                      </p>
      </div><!-- end references complete_references -->

</div><!-- end transcript -->
</div>
Unable to display view foot.php file not found.