As a result, in the last decade, many clinical trials have explored the value of adding HPV testing to the Pap in cervical cancer screening.  The table in this slide summarizes the results of those large clinical studies.  In terms of sensitivity, when you combine the Pap test with the HPV test, the clinical sensitivity approaches 100%, with a very nice specificity of >90%.

Most importantly, this slide also illustrates the excellent negative predictive value of about 100% from HPV testing in screening.